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Converter Bypass Pipe
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Design specification and measurement are the basic requirements to create CAD drawings. AutoCAD software is used to store or edit drawing digitally. It is possible to convert scanned, faxed or any other manual plans to AutoCAD files, even conversion from raster graphics to vector graphics also possible. Drawings generated by AutoCAD are more accurate and perfect than hand drawings. Electronic drawings save time and storing problem.
Today you find best technology for raster to vector conversion in market. Any file format such as .jpg, .tiff, .pdf, blueprints etc. can be converted in to DXF, DWG, DWF, DGN, MCD or TCW format. It requires high speed CPUs and large amount of RAM to design complex product. CAD software can run on any platform like Windows, Unix, Linux, Mac OSX, etc.
Manual tracing is very important to get accurate outputs. For general and hitech engineering needs, AutoCAD files can be created in 2D and 3D. It is important to follow CAD layering standards while drafting 2D models. 2D drafting service includes: 2D drawing corrections, 2D models from 3D etc. 3D modeling service is used to develop a mathematical wire frame representation of any CAD project.
An advanced computer technology will make engineering design as photorealistic. Animated models, AutoCAD models and solid models can be created in 3D. Stereoscopic 3D models can also be customized. It is possible to generate texturing of 3D models in all sectors. Creating impressive 3D models from paper design is also possible. After the 3D models are created, they can also be rendered with realistic lightings, shadows, atmosphere, color, texture and optical effects such as the refraction of light or motion blur seen on moving objects. By 3D rendering services, once can make 3D models look like photographs and can be inserted into catalogues to save time and money. 3D based CAD services enable clients to understand ideas better. CATIA, PROE, IDEAS, AMD are the best software package to create 3D models.
A wide range of product life cycle management computer based software tools are used for CAD/CAM services. CAD/CAM services are applicable to various sectors of industries like architectural, civil, mechanical, structural, electrical and many others.
Architectural drafting services involve converting rough hand drawings into a complete set of architectural plans. This service is beneficial for architects, real estate developers, interior designers, engineers, consultants, etc. The complete architectural solution in CAD or CAM is achieved by the proper use of architectural CAD packages like ArchiCAD, Chief Architect, Microstation, Vectorworks and ADT.
Mechanical CAD service is beneficial to engineers, design engineers and many such professionals to create assembly drawings for all kinds of mechanical assemblies. It is used to generate separate layers for dimensions, text, body, hidden lines, centerlines etc. in CAD drawings.
Structural drafting services include drawings of structural elements predominant in the construction industry including steel, concrete or wood. XSteel is the latest technology for structural drawing, to deal with it, experienced team is needed with good knowledge of AISC, British Codes, Osha Rules and other country specific codes and standards.
Electrical CAD service is beneficial to electrical engineering designers, electrical product manufacturers, original equipment manufacturers, and electrical contractors.
It is also possible to create piping drawing in CAD. Every conceivable fluid is handled in pipes during its production, processing, transportation and use. It involves both orthographic and isometric plumbing and piping drawings. It is possible to convert scanned piping drawings into fully editable, multi-layered CAD drawings.
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Ankita Shah. I have written many articles on CAD services such as 2D detailing, paper to CAD, mechanical engineering, architectural, structural, civil, 3D drafting services.
Ups Maintenance Contracts
Most people who own a car these days understand that regular servicing is essential – particularly if reliability, reduced running costs and minimal repair are desired.
It is surprising, therefore, that in today’s 24/7 business environments - with ultra high-density data centres dependent on reliable uninterruptible power supplies - UPS maintenance is so often overlooked. Of course, most people use their car everyday, so it becomes apparent when a fault occurs but what about the back-up vehicle sitting in the garage waiting for just such a moment? Will it start?
Like all electrical systems, UPS require regular maintenance. Here’s a guide to keeping your system ready for action:
The value of UPS maintenance contracts
Some businesses shy away from UPS maintenance contracts because they think them unnecessary, costly and invasive to the business. Nowadays, however, modern UPS systems, attached to mission critical equipment, have an internal or external maintenance bypass, which allows servicing to be carried out without having to shut down the whole network and lose vital productivity. Proper maintenance, carried out in a timely and effective manner, can prolong the life of the UPS, increase its effectiveness and achieve a better return on investment.
Maintenance and key UPS components
As the UPS’s job is to supply a continuous source of clean energy, one of its main components is a rectifier, fed by mains electricity, which converts incoming mains power from AC to DC. This charges the UPS’s battery and feeds an inverter. In an on-line UPS, the inverter continuously powers the load with regenerated, clean sine-wave electricity, making it vital that the UPS be tested regularly to ensure that both rectifier and inverter are working correctly.
A UPS also contains consumable parts that will age or even fail over time. The following elements should be regularly checked and tested:
• Batteries
• Cooling system software
• Cables
• Generators
• Fans
• Local air-conditioners.
Software
The software side of a UPS system is the least problematic in terms of maintenance – but one of the most crucial elements when it comes to monitoring and measuring the effectiveness of the system itself. UPS software, used for on-site or remote monitoring and fault reporting, can itself be maintained through regular updates and basic IT housekeeping.
Cables
UPS problems can often be traced to faulty, mis-patched or damaged cables so these need to be checked regularly as well as when a fault occurs. The cables that attach the UPS to the load and the network should be checked for wear-and-tear – as should connectors. Faults can result from poor connections. If a fault does occur and the cause is not immediately apparent, all UPS cables should be checked and tested thoroughly.
RS-232 ports can be the weak point of a UPS computer system. These can be minimised by following a few simple steps during installation:
• Where possible, avoid wiring runs longer than a few metres.
• Install high-performance surge suppressors on modem connections.
• Always use properly constructed, high-quality, shielded RS-232 cables.
Maintaining a source of standby power
Generators, which are usually fuelled by diesel, provide an emergency source of standby power when mains power, for whatever reason, is no longer present. Not only do they need to be checked and tested, regularly, by specialist engineers but they also need to be tested under load conditions. Special measures need to be exorcised to preserve business continuity during testing:
• Check for environmental breaches (exhaust and heat emissions, vibration and noise levels).
• Run back-up generators weekly to ensure safe and efficient working of their mechanical parts and to allow for monitoring and maintenance.
• Look for tell-tale indicators such as raised emission levels or significant increases in fuel consumption.
• Remember to check heat ducts and exhaust pipes.
Batteries
Because UPS batteries employ a chemical process, which is corrosive, they are consumable, usually maintaining a design life of between five and 10 years. What’s more, few UPS users take sufficient precautions to ensure batteries are holding their charge and will work when required. It is not difficult to maintain them as most modern UPS systems have built-in automatic battery testing which can be scheduled to occur every 24 hours. Normally instigated from a front panel push-button or keypad, or initiated remotely via a network connection, it is far easier now to keep an eye on these essential UPS components.
The efficiency of sealed lead-acid UPS batteries is dependent on age, state and environment. They should be checked regularly for corrosion, discharge and wear-and-tear. If any of these are apparent, the battery should be replaced immediately.
The most important aspect for preserving the life of UPS batteries is maintaining a constant temperature. Housing should be kept at a consistant 25 °C (every five-degree increase or decrease in this temperature halves battery life). It is important, therefore, to maintain it wherever the UPS is housed. This demands an effective cooling system, which in itself must be properly maintained.
The largest UPS installations, typically above 500kVA, often use flooded cell batteries requiring periodic inspection of electrolyte chemical and plates. Maintenance includes measuring and recording of electrolyte specific gravity and replenishment of water. Smaller UPS batteries, which are valve regulated, are supplied in sealed systems and do not require special maintenance, other than inspection for corrosion, and testing.
Keep it simple and well documented
The criticality of certain applications will dictate the degree of protection they require. It is essential that businesses have a sound, documented overview of all applications and equipment on the network. A network survey should be carried out to establish this.
Conclusion
Maintenance should be routine and need not consume large numbers of man-hours. It is crucial to successful UPS implementation and need not be complex or disruptive to business (particularly as modern UPS maintenance bypasses ensure continuity for the duration of routine servicing).
If these simple rules are followed and maintenance becomes routine, the life of the UPS will be prolonged and business better protected against inevitable power fluctuations, failures and electrical disturbances.
About the Author
Alison Campbell-Boreham is the editor of The Power Protection Guide and provides PR services to Riello UPS Ltd, the UK subsidiary of Riello UPS (RPS S.p.A). For more information visit the Riello UPS - uninterruptible power supplies website.
Bypassing a check engine light?
If I need to bypass a check engine light, like for example a set of headers or straight piping my catalytic converter
will that mean that the "check engine" system will not work for the rest of the car.
-An example would be if I use anti-fowler plug to mess up the computer and not get a check engine light, but like 2 weeks later something is wrong with my engine, will the check engine light appear, or perhaps it is not functioning anymore.
the non fowlers should not trigger a light. the computer is looking at electrical system activity for the most part to trigger a light and the nonfowler is on the secondary side of the ignition system , so it is not looked at, directly. i would pull the codes if you have not already.
headers also should not t4rgger the light as long as you have all of the sensors connected correctly suck as the o2 sensor that should have been in the original manifold.
NASA ISS On-Orbit Status Report 16 September 2010
All ISS systems continue to function nominally, except those noted previously or below.
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